use "scatter" files and specific binaries to write software to a device's flash memory
Flash files contain the program, but Fuses determine how the chip behaves (clock speed, brown-out detection, etc.). You can use AVRdude to set these based on values calculated from tools like Engbedded Fuse Calculator. ator flash file
There are several scenarios where downloading and installing an Ator flash file becomes necessary: use "scatter" files and specific binaries to write
Scatter Files: The flashing tool uses a "Scatter" file to understand the memory layout of the device and where to write each file. Boot loop or freeze – Device restarts continuously